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Rabindranath Tagore:
The Poet At 150

THE GUARDIAN

 

 

 

The significant anniversary of a dead writer often reveals as much about current tastes and fashions of critics and audiences as about the artist.

So it is with Rabindranath Tagore.

These are the last days of the 150th birth anniversary of one of the most remarkable poets and thinkers produced by the subcontinent, or indeed the world.

Even that grand description does not do him justice.

He was also a composer who provided the national anthem for not one but two countries (India and Bangladesh), the first Asian to win the Nobel prize for literature and the founder of a school and a university, both of which are still going, in Santiniketan, West Bengal.

As the title of one excellent biography puts it, he was a myriad-minded man - the kind of figure a nation probably gets only once in its life (see also Goethe and Tolstoy). Yet the scant press coverage accorded to him this past year has, ironically, focused on why he is so neglected.

"Who reads Rabindranath Tagore now?" sniffed the Times Literary Supplement last year.

An interesting question, but one that betrays its author's parochialism. Because the poet isn't ignored in his native Bengal, where middle-class family homes routinely contain some Tagoreana, whether a portrait, one of his own paintings, or CDs of Rabindrasangeet (his songs form a genre of their own).

Publishers such as Harvard and Hesperus have brought out valuable editions of his work. And while the British literary calendar has not been bursting with Tagore celebrations, his anniversary has prompted festivals, concerts, revivals of his plays and, at Cumberland Lodge late last month, a conference on his educational thought.

Tagore may no longer have the (slightly suspect) popularity he gained among the likes of W.B. Yeats and Ezra Pound before the First World War, but he retains his devotees.

And rightly so. Thanks to translators such as William Radice and Ketaki Kushari Dyson, English readers can get a clearer sense of the pleasures in his work. With some historical imagination, they can also appreciate its achievement. Tagore was an Indian subject of a British monarch, adding to a literature dominated by the subcontinent's mythologies.

Yet rather than struggle within these personal and artistic constraints, he broke free of them. His work didn't reel off the Hindu deities, but revelled in human life and nature. Nor did his colonial status deter him from both criticising the British and urging Indians to learn from the west.

His life is thus an object lesson in how an artist, or anyone, can reimagine the possibilities handed down to them. Tagore has been logged in British cultural memory as a mystic, but he was too energetic, inventive, provocative for that.

His 150th anniversary is as good a time as any for readers to rediscover just how various and interesting a man Tagore was.

 

May 5, 2012

Conversation about this article

1: Baldev Singh (Bradford, United Kingdom), May 05, 2012, 11:59 AM.

I was lucky enough to visit the annual fair at Shantiniketan as a young lad whilst in Bengal and was pleasantly surprised to be told about the poem written by Tagore about Guru Tegh Bahadar' sacrifice and martyrdom!

2: Kanwal Prakash Singh (Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A.), May 05, 2012, 2:52 PM.

Rabindranath Tagore was a multi-faceted genius and a rare gift to humanity. We witness his amazing humanity in his universally-acclaimed poem from his book of songs, Gitanjali (for which he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913) in which he challenged all generations to strive and create a world: "Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high; where knowledge is free ... into that haven of freedom let my country awake." A century later, that dream eludes countless millions across our globe. When asked to write a Universal Anthem for all nations and humanity, Rabindranath Tagore, a learned scholar and rare enlightened soul, offered that it has already been written for the entire Cosmos by Guru Nanak: "gagan mein thaal rav chund deepak banay tarika mundala junuk moti. Rabindranath visited the sacred Sikh shrines and wrote moving poems about the Sikh Gurus and the legendary valor of Sikh heroes. Rabindranath was not just a man of letters, he was, as the author reminds us, a "myriad minded" renaissance man. Another author, witnessing his incredible excellence and dazzling brilliance, described him as the "Sun of India." Such wisdom must not be relegated to the dusty shelves of libraries or the dustbins of history "as a has been." Rabindranath's songs and philanthropy, music and moving devotional poetry, humanitarianism and celebrations of other cultures, are a living monument and invitation to find our own soul. His timeless wisdom give us pause; his prayers offer us moving inspiration and a friendly jolt. Rabindranath Tagore's 151st Birthday is not too late to celebrate his life and legacy, if not national organizations in India, England, or U.S.A., then how about each one us offering our individual or collective salutation to this great man and his lasting legacy that adds an immeasurable richness to global literary heritage and the universal spirit.

3: Raj (Canada), May 05, 2012, 5:51 PM.

Tagore was the real "Mahatma", not Gandhi. They were contemporaries, but Tagore never endorsed Gandhi.

4: Karamjit Kaur Virk (Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.), May 05, 2012, 10:43 PM.

Back in 1995 at a bookstore, I randomly picked up a book, "Collected Poems and Plays" by Tagore and sat down to browse through it. I was completely mesmerized for the next four or so hours, nothing else existed except the beautiful and rich words piercing and elevating my soul. There are so many pages earmarked as favorites and I always look forward to reading and re-reading these little masterpieces.

5: Sukhindarpal Singh (Penang, Malaysia), May 06, 2012, 5:09 AM.

Tagore's Ode to Bhai Taru Singh's martyrdom moves me whenever I read it.

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